the Internet Public Library

Calculation & Conversion Tools Reference

Websites that assist with mathematical calculations, including online calculators and conversion dictionaries and tables.

Resources in this category are:

Calculator.Com

http://www.calculator.com/

Directory of online calculators, browsable by a hierarchical subject/function directory. "There are calculators for finance, business, and science. There are ones for cooking, hobbies, and health. Some solve problems, some satisfy curiosity, and some just for fun."

Author: Athera Corporation (webmaster@athera.com)

Subjects:

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Sciences & Technology--Mathematics

Keywords: Calculators; Resources

Common Weights And Measures

http://www.cchem.berkeley.edu/ChemResources/Weights-n-Measures/index.html

Includes Mathematical Notation for Orders of Magnitude, Metric prefixes, and Common U.S. and Metric equivalents

Author: The College of Chemistry, UC Berkeley (Webmaster@www.cchem.berkeley.edu)

Subjects:

Sciences & Technology

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: Magnitude; Weights; Measures; Metric

Cost-Of-Living Calculator

http://www.NewsEngin.com/neFreeTools.nsf/CPIcalc

"This utility allows you to convert dollar values between any two years to adjust for inflation." Uses the Consumers Price Index from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Author: George Landau (george@NewsEngin.com)

Subjects:

Business & Economics--Economics

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

A Dictionary of Measures, Units and Conversions

http://www.ex.ac.uk/cimt/dictunit/dictunit.htm

"This provides a summary of most of the units of measurement to be found in use around the world today (and a few of historical interest), together with the appropriate conversion factors needed to change them into a 'standard' unit of the S.I. ('Systeme International'). The units may be found either by looking under the category in which they are used [such as length, mass, density, energy etc.], or else by picking one unit from an alpabetically ordered list of units. There is an outline of the S.I.; a list of its basic defining standards and also some of its derived units; then another list of all the S.I. prefixes and some notes on conventions of usage. There is a short historical note on measures generally; descriptions of the metric system, the UK (Imperial) system with a statement on the implementation of 'metrication' in the UK, and the U.S. system. Finally there is a list of other sources concerned with the topic of measures and units."

Author: Frank Tapson (ftapson@exeter.ac.uk)

Subjects:

Sciences & Technology

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: Measurement; Dictionary; Units; Le Systeme International d'Unites

Financenter: Personal Finance & Calculators

http://www.financenter.com/

The site provides information and calculation tools for a number of personal finance issues. These include mortgage and home loan calculators, automobile loans, choosing credit cards or credit lines, investment, retirement and savings options and insurance and budgeting choices.

Author: Financenter, Inc.

Subjects:

Business & Economics--Finance--Personal Finance

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: home; mortgage; loan; car; automobile; credit; card; investing; insurance; savings; retirement

The Footrule

http://www.omnis.demon.co.uk/

"Units conversion offering a very extensive range of categories and units. This interactive facility not only converts between units but also includes descriptions of usage and definitions of many of the units."

Author: (Footrule@omnis.demon.co.uk)

Subjects:

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Sciences & Technology

Keywords: Measurement; Weights and Measures

The Inflation Calculator

http://www.westegg.com/inflation/

At this site, you can enter any dollar amount and compare its value during any two years between 1800 and 1998. For example, you can compare the worth of $100 in 1880 to its worth in 1950.

Author: S. Morgan Friedman (morgan@english.upenn.edu)

Subjects:

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Business & Economics--Economics

Keywords: money; value; inflation

Inflation Conversion Factors

http://www.orst.edu/Dept/pol_sci/fac/sahr/sahr.htm

Conversion factors to convert US dollars from 1982-1984 and 1995-1999 to equivalent amounts for others years, or vice versa, based on inflation.

Author: Robert Sahr (Robert.Sahr@orst.edu)

Subjects:

Business & Economics--Economics

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: United States; Consumer Price Index; CPI

Measuring Units Conversion Tables

http://www.french-property.com/ref/convert.htm

This site provides conversions "from/to metric and imperial and US measurement systems." It calculates the results and gives the factors for length, area, volume/capacity, mass (weight), and temperature conversions.

Author: Internet French Property (info@french-property.com)

Subjects:

Sciences & Technology

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: metric; imperial; conversion; convert; measure; length; area; volume; capacity; mass; weight; temperature; units

The Medical Algorithms Project

http://www.medal.org/

"A Medical Algorithm is any computation, formula, survey, or look-up table, useful in healthcare. We have collected over 1600 algorithms (taken from the biomedical literature, including research journals and textbooks) spanning major medical domains, organized into 43 chapters. To ensure the widest possible audience, the algorithms have been implemented in an Excel workbook which you can freely download to run on your Windows or Macintosh computer. You will need MS Excel, and should be familiar with running spreadsheets." There is also Spanish mirror site linked from this site.

Author: John R. Svirbely and M.G. Sriram

Subjects:

Health & Medical Sciences--Professional Resources

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: Medical students; Physicians; Healthcare professionals

Medieval and Early Modern Data Bank (MEMDB)

http://scc01.rutgers.edu/memdb/

"The Medieval and Early Modern Data Bank is a project established at Rutgers University and originally cosponsored by the Research Libraries Group (RLG), Inc. Its aim is to provide scholars with an expanding library of information in electronic format on the medieval and early modern periods of European history, circa 800-1815 C.E. MEMDB contains five large data sets, three pertaining to currency exchanges and two pertaining to prices."

Author: (rbell@rci.rutgers.edu)

Subjects:

Arts & Humanities--History--Europe--Middle Ages (Medieval)

Business & Economics--Economics

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: Renaissance; Western Europe; money

megaConverter

http://www.megaconverter.com/cv_start.htm

"megaConverter.com is an ever-growing set of weights, measures and units conversion/calculation modules. megaConverters allow users to discover things like how many seconds old they are, the difference between a gallon in the USA and a gallon in the UK, how many nanometers in an inch, how many quarts in a chaldron, and what the heck a nebuchadnezzar is."

Author: Ben-Cam InterMedia (mediacs@megaConverter.com)

Subjects:

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

OANDA

http://www.oanda.com/

This site offers a multilingual currency converter which contains the exchange rates for 164 currencies. Travelers can print out a cheat sheet: "a multi-value table of an exchange rate to facilitate calculations while you travel." The site also offers historical charts of exchange rates and forecasts for global markets.

Author: OANDA, Inc.

Subjects:

Business & Economics--Economics

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: Currency; Conversion; Exchange Rate

The Original Tipping Page

http://www.tipping.org/tipping/tipping.html

A guide to appropriate amounts to tip people who provide different kinds of services, including in barbershops and hair salons, casinos, cruise ships, restaurants, and trains.

Author: Manny Gonzalez (manny@nyp.org)

Subjects:

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Reference

Keywords: tipping; etiquette; gratuity

Periodic Table Toolbox

http://library.advanced.org/11771/english/hi/chemistry/periodic/

"This feature allows you to add different elements together to make a custom compound, which will be displayed with accompanying information such as Atomic Mass and Charge." This site requires Internet Explorer 3.0 or Netscape Navigator 2.0 or higher.

Author: Team 11771 (ThinkQuest '97) (tq1997-11771@advanced.org)

Subjects:

Sciences & Technology--Chemical Sciences (Chemistry)

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: compound; calculator

Relocation Salary Calculator

http://www.homefair.com/homefair/cmr/salcalc.html

"A 'decent' salary in one city may not take you very far in another. So, if you're planning on moving, considering a job transfer, or thinking about retirement, this site will help in your financial planning. The Center for Mobility Resources, which sponsors the site, maintains cost of living information for 450 cities in the USA. Just plug in your current location and income, type where you're going, and hit 'calculate.'"

Author: Center for Mobility Resources

Subjects:

Business & Economics--Employment--Job Searching and Employee Recruiting

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Business & Economics--Finance--Personal Finance

Keywords: Cost of Living

Roman Numeral Converter

http://www.binary.net/dturley/js/roman.html

This is a no "bells and whistles" JavaScript that converts between Roman and Arabic numbers.

Author: David Turley (dturley@pobox.com)

Subjects:

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: Roman Numerals; Arabic Numerals

Roman Numeral Date Conversion Table

http://www2.inetdirect.net/~charta/Roman_numerals.html

"This page is intended as a guide to deciphering Roman numeral year dates as they are commonly found in the imprints of both modern and early printed books. It explains the basic principles for converting numbers from Roman to Arabic form and also describes some of the unusual features of Roman numerals that may be encountered in older books."

Author: Christopher Handy (charta@inetdirect.net)

Subjects:

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: Roman numerals

Temperature Conversion Calculator

http://www.cchem.berkeley.edu/ChemResources/temperature.html

Calculates conversions to/from degrees Kelvin, Celsius, Farenheit, Reamur, and Rankine scales.

Author: Charles J. Russel and Dan Krauss (webmaster@www.cchem.berkeley.edu)

Subjects:

Sciences & Technology

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: Temperature; Conversion

Time Zone Converter - The Time Zone - What time is it in ___?

http://www.timezoneconverter.com/

"Now you can find out the time anywhere in the world with The Time Zone Converter.... The time zone rules on which the converter is based are updated whenever local laws or ordinances change to provide you with the most accurate time converter utility on the Net!" Site also provides the ability to "create a customized reference card that you can print and carry with you ... for your next vacation or business trip!"

Author: FutureQuest (webmaster@timezoneconverter.com)

Subjects:

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Sciences & Technology--Horology

Keywords: time; timezone

Travel Tools

http://www.tyzo.com/hp/tools.html

A series of helpful tools for use by international travelers, including a world public holidays calendar, a currency converter, maps, a metric converter, weather sites, electricity requirements (by continent and country), dialing codes, a international clothing size chart, and a time zone clock.

Author: Tyzo.com, Inc.

Subjects:

Entertainment & Leisure--Travel

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Unit Converter

http://library.advanced.org/11771/english/hi/chemistry/convert.shtml

This converter works for units of energy, pressure, volume, temperature, and mass. You put in a number and select a base unit. The coverter calculates the equivalent value for the other possible units. For instance, if you put in a Celsius temperature, you'll get back the equivalent temperature in Fahrenheit and Kelvin.

Author: Team 11771 (ThinkQuest '97) (tq1997-11771@advanced.org)

Subjects:

Sciences & Technology--Physics

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: energy; pressure; volume; temperature; mass

United States Naval Observatory Astronomical Applications Department (USNO AA)

http://aa.usno.navy.mil/AA/

"The Astronomical Applications Department of the U.S. Naval Observatory computes, from fundamental astronomical reference data, the position, brightness, and other observable characteristics of celestial bodies, as well as the circumstances of astronomical phenomena. This information is of critical importance to navigation, military operations planning, scientific research, surveying, accident reconstruction, architecture, and everyday activities. Our products are regarded as benchmark standards throughout the world." It includes "background information on common astronomical phenomena, calendars and time, and related topics" as well as "Sun and Moon rise and set times, Moon phases, eclipses, seasons, positions of solar system objects, and other data."

Author: USNO Astronomical Applications Department (help@aa.usno.navy.mil)

Subjects:

Sciences & Technology--Astronomy--Solar System (Planetary)

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Reference--Calendars

The Universal Currency Converter

http://www.xe.net/currency/

"The Universal Currency Converter allows you to perform interactive foreign exchange rate conversion on the Internet. Type the amount of source currency in the input box. You may include commas and a decimal point. Select the source and destination currencies using the scrolling selection boxes."

Author: Xenon Laboratories Incorporated (currency@xe.net)

Subjects:

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Business & Economics--Economics

Keywords: Currency Conversion

Universal Photoperiod Calendar

http://www.netti.fi/~jjlammi//sun.html

This site calculates the length of daylight for your particular location, when twilight begins and ends, sunrise and sunset times, the height angle of the sun at noon and the declination. You can choose from a menu of cities or enter the latitude and longitude of the location that you want information on.

Author: J. Lammi (jjlammi@netti.fi)

Subjects:

Reference--Calendars

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: photoperiod; clock calculator; daylight; sunset; sunrise

USA Today Calculators

http://www.usatoday.com/money/calculat/mcfront.htm

"CONSUMER LOAN - Find out what the monthly payment would be, comparedifferent interest rates and repayment periods. You provide loan amount,loan interest rate and length of payment. It returns the estimated monthlypayment.

 TUITION - Calculate how much you should be saving today to covertomorrow's tuition. Provide prospective student's current age, age when they will attend school, current annual tuition, currention tuition inflation rate, years to be spent in school, amount currently saved/invested, and the current annual rate of return on the amount saved/invested. It returns the monthly amount needed to cover the total tuition cost.

 NEW CAR - Compare the costs of leasing vs. buying a car new. You provide lease information: down payment, licensing fees, monthly lease payment, and car value at the end of the lease. Buying information: sales tax, car loan interest rate and length of repayment. It returns the total cash payment and a comparison of leasing and financing costs during the loan repayment period.

 MORTGAGE - Compare mortgage interest rates and repayment periods. Youprovide loan principal, interest rate and mortgage repayment periods. Itreturns the estimated monthly payments.

 RETIREMENT - Tells you how much you need to save today in order to retire in comfort later. You provide current age, planned retirement age, desired monthly retirement income, expected Social Security income, money already saved/invested and anticipated return on savings/investments. It returns the monthly amount need to reach retirement goal."

Author: USA Today

Subjects:

Business & Economics--Finance--Personal Finance

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Keywords: Worksheet

The World Clock

http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/full.html

The current time at over 500 locations worldwide. It can be customized to show only the cities you want.

Author: Steffen Thorsen (worldclock@timeanddate.com)

Subjects:

Sciences & Technology--Horology

Reference--Calculation & Conversion Tools

Reference--Calendars

Keywords: Daylight Savings Time; Daylight Saving Time; time zone

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